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            The End of the American Empire ͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;͏‌&nbsp;
        
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<table role="presentation" width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" bgcolor="transparent" class="text-section section-content">
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    <td valign="top" class="section-text-area section-content-cell padding-mobile-both" style="padding-top:11px;padding-right:44px;padding-bottom:11px;padding-left:44px;color:#313131;background-color:transparent;">
      <p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;letter-spacing:-.01em;text-align:center;" class="">Welcome to this edition of our fortnightly newsletter! This week we will continue to dive into empires past, and problems present. Each fortnight until publication, we will introduce an empire from the past, whose demise will be elaborated on in <em>The End of the American Empire</em>. We love cold, hard data so we will also be looking at a few metrics which illustrate some of the issues at the heart of the American Empire, which I will be discussing further in the book.</p>
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<table role="presentation" width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" bgcolor="transparent" class="text-section section-content">
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.328125em;mso-line-height-alt:1.328125em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Segoe UI', Candara, 'Bitstream Vera Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, sans-serif;letter-spacing:.02em;text-align:center;">The Macedonian Empire of Alexander the Great</h4><p style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;letter-spacing:-.01em;text-align:center;" class=""><strong>Period:</strong> 336-323 BCE<br><strong>Region:</strong> Greece, Egypt, Asia<br><strong>Extent:</strong> 2 million square miles<br><strong>Population:</strong> 20 million</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;letter-spacing:-.01em;">Find out more about the Macedonian Empire, why they fell, and what this can teach us about <em>The End of the American Empire</em> in February 2024!</p>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.328125em;mso-line-height-alt:1.328125em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Segoe UI', Candara, 'Bitstream Vera Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, sans-serif;letter-spacing:.02em;text-align:center;">Recently in the American Empire…<br></h4><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;letter-spacing:-.01em;">Last week the United States Supreme Court unveiled its first formal code of conduct to govern ethics of its members, a move precipitated by longstanding accusations of corruption against justices Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas.  This will likely be the first, not last word on the subject as critics rightly highlight that the code is flawed and subject to abuse as it does not contain any enforcement <a href="https://www.reuters.com/legal/us-supreme-court-announces-formal-ethics-code-justices-2023-11-13/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#000 !important;">mechanism. </a></p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;letter-spacing:-.01em;">A joint investigation by respected newspapers Der Speigel (Germany) and The Washington Post claims that Ukrainian special forces commander Roman Chervinsky was the coordinator of the plot to blow up the Nord Stream pipelines in September 2022. The report also claims that the operation was carried out on the orders of General Valerii Zaluzhny, Ukraine’s highest ranking military officer. Unsurprisingly, the accusations have not been covered as extensively in Western media outlets as the original accusations of Russian <a href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/11/11/ukraine-officer-had-key-role-in-nord-stream-sabotage-reports-say" rel="nofollow" style="color:#000 !important;">culpability. </a></p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;letter-spacing:-.01em;">The first tentative ceasefire and hostage exchange has been agreed between Israel and Hamas, with 50 Israeli hostages to be released in exchange for 150 Palestinian prisoners currently being held in Israeli jails. Although a welcome step in the right direction, there is still no realistic pathway to peace at this <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2023/nov/23/israel-hamas-war-live-updates-gaza-ceasefire-hostage-release-friday-israeli-us-officials" rel="nofollow" style="color:#000 !important;">point.</a></p>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.328125em;mso-line-height-alt:1.328125em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Segoe UI', Candara, 'Bitstream Vera Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, sans-serif;letter-spacing:.02em;text-align:center;"><br>Money in Politics</h4><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;letter-spacing:-.01em;">The 2024 election will be the most expensive on record, more than the previous USD$16.4 billion spent in 2020. It hasn’t always been this way…</p>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.328125em;mso-line-height-alt:1.328125em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Segoe UI', Candara, 'Bitstream Vera Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, sans-serif;letter-spacing:.02em;text-align:center;">Inequality</h4><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;letter-spacing:-.01em;">And how about inequality? The average American CEO in 2020 earned a whopping 365 times more per year than the lowest paid worker in their firm; the largest ever disparity. Again, it was not always this way…</p>
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      <h4 style="color:inherit;margin:1.414em 0 .5em;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25em;font-size:1.328125em;mso-line-height-alt:1.328125em;margin-top:0;font-family:'Segoe UI', Candara, 'Bitstream Vera Sans', 'DejaVu Sans', 'Trebuchet MS', Verdana, sans-serif;letter-spacing:.02em;text-align:center;">Let’s talk about debt</h4><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;letter-spacing:-.01em;">In 1968, the US national debt was (adjusted for inflation) USD$3.08 trillion, which represented 39% of US GDP. This might sound like a lot, but let’s take a look at the size of national debt in 2020...</p>
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      <p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;letter-spacing:-.01em;">Today’s national debt is USD$33,749,501,312,751 and counting. This means that since 2020, almost half of the 1968 debt total has been accrued in only 3 years.</p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;letter-spacing:-.01em;"><a href="https://www.usdebtclock.org/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#000 !important;">Take a look for yourself</a>.</p>
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      <p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-top:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;letter-spacing:-.01em;">Thank you for your support, it means a lot. If you would like to comment on any of the points raised in these newsletters, please drop me a line on Instagram <a href="https://www.instagram.com/patrickwattsbooks/" rel="nofollow" style="color:#000 !important;">@patrickwattsbooks</a>, or Twitter <a href="https://twitter.com/pwattsbooks" rel="nofollow" style="color:#000 !important;">@pwattsbooks</a>.  </p><p class="" style="color:inherit;font-size:1.0625em;line-height:1.618em;margin:0 0 1.25em 0;font-weight:normal;margin-bottom:0;font-family:'Liberation Serif', 'Nimbus Roman No9 L Regular', Times, 'Times New Roman', serif;letter-spacing:-.01em;">Cheers!<br>Patrick</p>
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